Futures exchange - 期货交易所
(Little reference )
A futures exchange or futures market is a central financial exchange where people can trade standardized futures contracts; that is, a contract to buy specific quantities of a commodity or financial instrument at a specified price with delivery set at a specified time in the future. These types of contracts fall into the category of derivatives. Such instruments are priced according to the movement of the underlying asset (stock, physical commodity, index, etc.). The aforementioned category is named "derivatives" because the value of these instruments is derived from another asset class.
The first modern organized futures exchange began in 1710 at the Dojima Rice Exchange in Osaka, Japan.
The United States followed in the early 19th century. Chicago has the largest future exchange in the world, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Chicago is located at the base of the Great Lakes, close to the farmlands and cattle country of the Midwest, making it a natural center for transportation, distribution, and trading of agricultural produce. Gluts and shortages of these products caused chaotic fluctuations in price, and this led to the development of a market enabling grain merchants, processors, and agriculture companies to trade in "to arrive" or "cash forward" contracts to insulate them from the risk of adverse price change and enable them to hedge. In March 2008 the Chicago Mercantile Exchange announced its acquisition of NYMEX Holdings, Inc., the parent company of the New York Mercantile Exchange and Commodity Exchange. CME's acquisition of NYMEX was completed in August 2008.
期货交易所名单
List of the most representative world futures markets
USA
- CBOE Futures Exchange (CFE)
- Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) (Since 2007 a Designated Contract Market owned by the CME Group)
- Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) (Since 2007 a Designated Contract Market owned by the CME Group)
- Chicago Climate Exchange (CCE)
- ELX Futures (Electronic Liquidity Exchange)
- ICE Futures U.S. (Formerly New York Board of Trade or NYBOT and now part of IntercontinentalExchange)
- Kansas City Board of Trade (KCBT)
- Minneapolis Grain Exchange (MGEX)
- Nadex (formerly HedgeStreet)
- NASDAQ OMX Futures Exchange (NFX) (formerly Philadelphia Board of Trade or PBOT)
- New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) and (COMEX) (Since 2008 Designated Contract Markets owned by the CME Group)
- NYSE Liffe US
- OneChicago, LLC (Single-stock futures (SSF's) and Futures on ETFs)
China
- Dalian Commodity Exchange (DCE)
- Shanghai Futures Exchange (SHFE)
- Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange (ZCE)
- China Financial Futures Exchange (CFFEX)
[edit]Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing (HKEx)
- Hong Kong Futures Exchange (HKFE)
- Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKSE)
- Hong Kong Mercantile Exchange (HKMEx)
Pan-European
- BlueNext
- Eurex
- Euronext.liffe
- European Climate Exchange
- OMX
List of traded commodities
交易的商品名单
交易的商品名单
Agricultural
| Commodity | Main Exchange | Contract Size | Trading Symbol [1] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wheat | CBOT | 5000 bu | W/ZW (Electronic) |
| Sugar No.14 | ICE | 112,000 lb | SE |
| Sugar No.11 | ICE | 112,000 lb | SB |
| Soybeans | CBOT | 5000 bu | S/ZS (Electronic) |
| Soybean Oil | CBOT | 60,000 lb | BO/ZB (Electronic) |
| Soybean Meal | CBOT | 100 short tons | SM/ZM (Electronic) |
| Rough Rice | CBOT | 2000 cwt | RR |
| Rapeseed | EURONEXT | 50 tons | ECO |
| Oats | CBOT | 5000 bu | O/ZO (Electronic) |
| Milk | Chicago Mercantile Exchange | 200,000 lbs | DC |
| Frozen Concentrated Orange Juice | ICE | 15,000 lbs | FCOJ-A |
| Cotton No.2 | ICE | 50,000 lb | CT |
| Corn | CBOT | 5000 bu | C/ZC (Electronic) |
| Corn | EURONEXT | 50 tons | EMA |
| Coffee C | ICE | 37,500 lb | KC |
| Cocoa | ICE | 10 tons | CC |
Energy
| Commodity | Main Exchange | Contract Size | Trading Symbol |
|---|---|---|---|
| WTI Crude Oil | NYMEX, ICE | 1000 bbl (42,000 U.S. gal) | CL (NYMEX), WTI (ICE) |
| Brent Crude | ICE | 1000 bbl (42,000 U.S. gal) | B |
| Ethanol | CBOT | 29,000 U.S. gal | AC (Open Auction) ZE (Electronic) |
| Natural gas | NYMEX | 10,000 mmBTU | NG |
| Heating Oil | NYMEX | 1000 bbl (42,000 U.S. gal) | HO |
| Gulf Coast Gasoline | NYMEX | 1000 bbl (42,000 U.S. gal) | LR |
| RBOB Gasoline (reformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygen blending) | NYMEX | 1000 bbl (42,000 U.S. gal) | RB |
| Propane | NYMEX | 1000 bbl (42,000 U.S. gal) | PN |
| Purified Terephthalic Acid (PTA) | ZCE | 5 Tons | TA |
Precius metals
| Commodity | Unit | Currency | Main Exchange |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gold | troy ounce | USD ($) | COMEX |
| Platinum | troy ounce | USD ($) | COMEX |
| Palladium | troy ounce | USD ($) | COMEX |
| Silver | troy ounce | USD ($) | COMEX |
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